Review Material, AP Chemistry

1. Prediction of formulas of ionic compounds
   1. Charges of monatomic ions of main group elements can be predicted from position in Periodic Table.
   2. Transition metal cations can have multiple charges. You must know the common transition metals.
      (Table 2.4 page 62)
   3. Polyatomic ions; know common ions, hand out.
2. Names of compounds
   1. Ionic Compounds: give name of cation followed by that of anion (ends in -ide). If metal forms more than one cation, as with many transition metals, then names of ions have suffixes that are related to their ionic charges: -ous refers to the lower charge: -ic refers to the higher charge.**The IUPAC (Stock Name) system uses Roman Numerals.**
   2. Names of polyatomic ions containing oxygen- some elements form several polyatomic ions with oxygen. A series of suffixes and prefixes is used to specify the relative number of oxygen atoms.
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J.A.R. Newlands – 1867 first version of Periodic Table . Newlands arranged the known elements by increasing atomic mass along horizontal rows seven elements long, stated that the 8th element would have similar properties to the first from the series. Newlands called this the law of octaves.
Newlands’ work failed after Ca in predicting a consistent trend.

Dimitri Mendeleev 1869, Professor if Chemistry at the University of Saint Petersburg (Leningrad). Mendeleev stated that the elements vary periodically (in cycles) according to their atomic masses.
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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded 101 times to 157 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2009. Frederick Sanger is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice, in 1958 and 1980. This means that a total of 156 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Click on the names to get more information.
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